| Abstract | Uvod: Pušenje je jedna od najvećih prijetnji ljudskom zdravlju i predstavlja globalni javnozdravstveni i ekonomski izazov. Djeca, bez mogućnosti izbora, postaju prisilni pasivni pušači već od samog začeća. Ona imaju pravo na čisti zrak bez duhanskog dima, a osiguravanje takvog okruženja mora biti prioritet svake obitelji i zajednice. Postoji nekoliko vrsta duhanskih proizvoda, uključujući komercijalne cigarete, e-cigarete i grijane duhanske proizvode. Komercijalne cigarete oslobađaju brojne toksične tvari, dok e-cigarete i duhanski grijani proizvodi, iako manje štetni, također nose zdravstvene rizike. Prestanak pušenja ključan je za poboljšanje zdravlja, no proces odvikavanja može biti izazovan zbog simptoma poput razdražljivosti i anksioznosti. Smanjenje ili prestanak pušenja ključno je za poboljšanje javnog zdravlja.
Ciljevi: Cilj istraživanja je ispitati upućenost roditelja djece koja dolaze u dječju ambulantu KBC-a Split; Klinike za uho, grlo i nos, kirurgije glave i vrata o izloženosti djece duhanskom dimu, upotrebi e-cigareta i informiranost roditelja o prestanku pušenja.
Metode: Za potrebe ovog rada provest će se presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici su roditelji djece koja dolaze na Polikliniku Klinike za bolesti uha, nosa i grla s kirurgijom glave i vrata KBC-a Split, a sudjelovalo je 288 ispitanika iz Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Podaci će se prikupljati putem anonimnog upitnika, koji će ispunjavati ispitanici. Upitnik je publiciran, preveden i dostupan te je dio EDIAQI (Evidence Driven Indoor Air Quality Improvement) projekta. Sudjelovanje je anonimno i dobrovoljno, a ispitanici će biti informirani o anonimnosti i svrsi istraživanja od strane medicinske sestre na dječjoj ambulanti.
Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da većina roditelja prepoznaje štetnost izlaganja duhanskom dimu, ali svijest o "pušenju iz treće ruke" varira. Dok 54,5% ispitanika vjeruje da je ono štetno, 42,8% nikada nije čulo za taj pojam, što ukazuje na potrebu za dodatnim obrazovanjem. Djeca izložena pasivnom pušenju suočavaju se s ozbiljnim zdravstvenim rizicima, a roditeljska svijest o štetnosti nije uvijek povezana s usvajanjem zdravih ponašanja. Unatoč kampanjama i savjetima zdravstvenih radnika, statistički značajna povezanost između informiranosti roditelja o prestanku pušenja i njihove sklonosti prestanku nije utvrđena.
Zaključak: Pušenje je jedan od najznačajnijih zdravstvenih problema današnjice jer izlaže pušače visokim koncentracijama toksina i predstavlja ozbiljan rizik za zdravlje nepušača, uključujući djecu. Prestanak pušenja donosi brojne zdravstvene prednosti, uključujući smanjenje rizika od raznih bolesti, a sveobuhvatan pristup koji kombinira obrazovanje, savjetovanje i zamjensku nikotinsku terapiju može biti vrlo učinkovit. Djeca imaju pravo na čisti zrak bez duhanskog dima, a osiguravanje takvog okruženja mora biti prioritet svake obitelji i zajednice. |
| Abstract (english) | Introduction: Smoking is one of the greatest threats to human health and represents a global public health and economic challenge. Children, without the possibility of choice, become forced passive smokers from conception. They have the right to clean air without tobacco smoke, and ensuring such an environment must be a priority for every family and community. There are several types of tobacco products, including commercial cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products. Commercial cigarettes release numerous toxic substances, while e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products, although less harmful, also carry health risks. Quitting smoking is crucial for improving health, but the process can be challenging due to symptoms such as irritability and anxiety. Reducing or quitting smoking is essential for improving public health.
Objectives: The aim of the research is to examine the awareness of parents of children attending the pediatric clinic at KBC Split; Clinic for Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Head and Neck Surgery, regarding children's exposure to tobacco smoke, the use of e-cigarettes, and parental awareness about smoking cessation.
Methods: A cross-sectional study will be conducted for this research. The participants are parents of children attending the Clinic for Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Head and Neck Surgery at KBC Split, with 288 participants from the Split-Dalmatia County. Data will be collected through an anonymous questionnaire, completed by the participants. The questionnaire is published, translated, and available as part of the EDIAQI (Evidence Driven Indoor Air Quality Improvement) project. Participation is anonymous and voluntary, and participants will be informed about the anonymity and purpose of the research by a nurse at the pediatric clinic.
Results: The research results show that most parents recognize the harm of exposure to tobacco smoke, but awareness of "third-hand smoke" varies. While 54.5% of respondents believe it is harmful, 42.8% have never heard of the term, indicating the need for further education. Children exposed to passive smoking face serious health risks, and parental awareness of the harm is not always linked to adopting healthy behaviors. Despite campaigns and advice from health workers, no statistically significant correlation was found between parental awareness of smoking cessation and their inclination to quit smoking.
Conclusion: Smoking is one of the most significant health problems today because it exposes smokers to high concentrations of toxins and poses a serious risk to the health of non-smokers, including children. Quitting smoking brings numerous health benefits, including reducing the risk of various diseases, and a comprehensive approach that combines education, counseling, and nicotine replacement therapy can be very effective. Children have the right to clean air without tobacco smoke, and ensuring such an environment must be a priority for every family and community. |
