Cerebrovascular diseases are important medical and socioeconomic issue in the context of neurological diseases and represent the first leading cause of physical impairment and the third leading cause of mortality worldwide. These diseases include the brain aneurysms that may cause problems with cognitive functioning, such as deficits of visual perception and visual memory. The goal of this research is to determine the presence of deficits in the ability of visual perception and visual retention in the group of subjects who had undergone the surgical procedure on the brain aneurysm, as well as to assess the predictor’s contribution of sociodemographic and neurological factors to deficits in the ability of visual perception and visual retention. The respondents (N=132) were subjected to neuropsychological examination in the period of 1 to 6 months following brain aneurysm surgery performed at the Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Zagreb in the last 10 years. The results of the study demonstrated the presence of deficits in the ability of visual perception and visual retention, as the test scores obtained by the subjects were statistically significantly lower in comparison to the norms in healthy population. Education has been identified as the only statistically significant predictor for the Copy (visual perception), as subjects with higher level of education achieved better results. Age, education and lateralization have been recognized as the statistically significant predictors in Immediate recall domain, as older subjects with lower level of education achieved statistically lower results. Also, subjects who had bilateral aneurysm achieved worse test scores in comparison to the subjects who had aneurysm in the left hemisphere of the brain. Gender, age and lateralization have been identified as the statistically significant predictors in the Delayed recall domain, as women and younger subjects achieved better results in comparison to men and older subjects, while subjects who had bilateral aneurysm achieved statistically significantly worse results in comparison to both those with aneurysm in the left hemisphere of the brain and those who had aneurysm in the right hemisphere of the brain. Finally, comorbidity has not been shown to be a statistically significant predictor in the context of visual perception and visual retention.