Introduction: Electronic cigarettes are relatively new products that have become extremely popular in the last few years. Although their impact on human health is not fully known to date, many studies indicate that there are dangers to human health when using electronic cigarettes. Objectives: The aim of this research is to examine the knowledge and attitudes towards the use of electronic cigarettes among nursing students. Methods: The research was conducted on nursing students at 10 universities in Croatia, from March to April 2024. The data was collected by an anonymous questionnaire via the LimeSurvey platform, which in the first part contained socio-demographic questions. The second part of the questionnaire contained questions related to knowledge and attitudes towards electronic cigarettes. Results: 1039 respondents participated in the research, of which 88.7% were female. Among the respondents, 43% declared themselves as smokers. Electronic cigarettes were used by 52.6% of respondents, of which 76% did so for recreational purposes. Of the total number of respondents, 60.2% of them never learned about the topic of smoking cessation at university. Among the respondents, 33% of them do not agree with the fact that electronic cigarettes are a good method for quitting smoking. More than half of respondents agree that electronic cigarettes could encourage non-smokers to smoke. Among the respondents, 66.1% stated that they could not confidently advise smokers about electronic cigarettes. According to the opinion of the respondents, 69.8% of them believe that the doctor is the most knowledgeable health expert who should advise and conduct education for users of electronic cigarettes. By comparing the attitudes of respondents in relation to smoking status, there are no statistically significant differences in the answers. Also, on the questions of knowledge, respondents had a low level of knowledge about electronic cigarettes. By comparing knowledge with regard to smoking status, more smokers correctly stated that electronic cigarettes are not well-known products for smoking cessation and that electronic cigarettes have harmful effects similar to those of conventional tobacco cigarettes. The respondents' attitudes towards nurses and the fight against smoking were more positive among non-smokers compared to smokers. Also, respondents who learned about smoking cessation topics were more willing to advise smokers and had clearer views on the risks and the importance of the role of nurses in the process of quitting smoking compared to respondents who did not learn about smoking cessation topics. Conclusion: This research indicates a reduced level of nursing students' knowledge about electronic cigarettes, but also highlights that students generally have more negative attitudes and perceptions towards electronic cigarettes.. Lack of knowledge and awareness of the health risks of e-cigarettes may hinder their ability to properly counsel patients and educate them about the potential health risks. Furthermore, this research has determined that nursing students do not receive adequate knowledge and practical skills during their education that would help smokers in the process of quitting smoking. This lack of expertise can hinder their ability to properly support patients who want to quit smoking, which is a major public health problem given the negative health effects of smoking. Consequently, nursing education programs and continuing professional development programs should include information on the harmful effects of e-cigarettes based on new research and knowledge, as well as enable nurses as well as enabling nurses to acquire skills to help smokers quit smoking.