| Abstract | Uvod: Tonzilektomija predstavlja rutinski i prilično jednostavan kirurški zahvat i jedan je od najčešće izvođenih kirurških zahvata. Pod uvjetom da je indikacija za ovaj zahvat točno postavljena on uvelike utječe na kvalitetu života i opće zdravlje pacijenta. Indikacija za tonzilektomiju može se javiti kod osoba bilo koje dobi, spola ili životnih navika. Također, vrlo je široka lepeza medicinskih stanja i dijagnoza kod kojih se tonzilektomija nameće kao metoda izbora liječenja. Tijek operacije, rani i kasni postoperativni period te komplikacije također imaju svoju dinamiku pojavljivanja. Ipak, indikacije za ovaj zahvat kao i komplikacije nešto su češće u određenim skupinama. Cilj:
Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi karakteristike tonzilektomiranih pacijenata u KBC-u Sestre milosrdnice u razdoblju od 2018.g-2023.g.
Metode: U istraživanju su se analizirali podaci pacijenata tonzilektomiranih na Klinici za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgiju glave i vrata KBC-a Sestre milosrdnice Zagreb u periodu od 2018.g -2023.g. Podaci su izvučeni iz Bolničkog informacijskog sustava te prema potrebi dodatno iz medicinske dokumentacije vezane uz hospitalizaciju tijekom tonzilektomije svakog pojedinačnog pacijenta. Rezultati: Ovim istraživanjem obrađeni su podaci sveukupno 200 pacijenata podvrgnutih tonzilektomiji na Klinici za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgiju glave i vrata KBC-a Sestre milosrdnice u Zagrebu.
Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju nešto veći postotak tonzilektomije među muškom populacijom (53,5% ili 107 ispitanika) u odnosu na ženski spol (46,5% ili 93 ispitanice). Indikacija za operativni zahvat kod većine ispitanika (94% ili 188 ispitanika) je bio tonzilitis, kod 4 pacijenta ili 2% ispitanika indikacija je bio tumor tonzila, dok je indikacija kod 8 pacijenata ili 4% ispitanika bio peritonzilarni apsces. Većina istraživane populacije bila su djeca ispod 18 godina starosti (60% ili 120 ispitanika). Pacijenti ispod 7 godina činili su 39,5% ili 79 svih ispitanih pacijenata. Podaci istraživanja ukazuju da je većina zahvata odrađena u općoj anesteziji, čak u 98% ili 197 ispitanika. Komplikacije postupka javile su se kod 9 ispitanika što je 4,5% u odnosu na svu ispitanu populaciju. Najčešća komplikacija je krvarenje, koje se javilo između prvog i sedmog postoperativnog dana. Medijan dana hospitalizacije pacijenata podvrgnutih tonzilektomiji je bio 2 (2-8).
Zaključak: Istraživanje pruža uvid u čimbenike koji utječu na indikaciju, operaciju, trajanje hospitalizacije te oporavak tijekom i nakon tonzilektomije. Podaci dobiveni istraživanjem prikazali su mali broj dana hospitalizacije, malu učestalost komplikacija i operiranu populaciju pretežno pedijatrijske dobi. Buduća nastojanja trebaju biti usmjerena ka daljnjem poboljšanju kirurških tehnika, smanjenju mogućnosti i broja komplikacija. |
| Abstract (english) | Introduction: Tonsillectomy is a routine and fairly simple surgical procedure and is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures. Provided that the indication for this procedure are adequately met, it greatly affects the quality of life and general health of the patient. The indication for tonsillectomy can occur in persons of any age, gender, lifestyle or some other characteristic. Also, there is a very wide range of medical conditions and diagnoses in which tonsillectomy is imposed as the selected method of treatment. The course of the operation, the early and late postoperative period and complications also have their own dynamics of occurrence. However, indications for this procedure as well as complications are somewhat more frequent in certain groups.
Objective: The objective of this research is to determine the characteristics of tonsillectomy patients in the Sisters of Mercy Hospital in the period from 2018-2023.
Methods: In the study, the data of tonsillectomy patients at the Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the UHC Sestre milosrdnice Zagreb were analyzed, in the period from 2018 to 2023. The data was extracted from the Hospital Information System, and if necessary additionally from the medical documentation related to the hospitalization during the tonsillectomy of each individual patient.
Results: This research processed the data of a total of 200 tonsillectomy patients at the Clinic for ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, UHC Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia. The results of this research show a slightly higher percentage of the male population, 53.5% (107 respondents) compared to the female population, 46.5% (93 respondents). Most of the operated patients/researched population were children, 60% (120 respondents). Patients under 7 years of age accounted for 39.5% of all examined patients. This research shows that most procedures are performed under general anesthesia in 98% (197 respondents), while a very small percentage of patients had tonsil surgery under local anesthesia, only 2% of them (3 respondents). Complications developed in 9 subjects, which is 4.5% in relation to the entire examined population. The most common complication is bleeding, which occurs between the 1st and 7th postoperative day. Out of 200 subjects, 4 patients had a tumor as an indication, which is 2% of the total investigated population, while 8 patients had a peritonsillar abscess as an indication for tonsillectomy, which is 4% of the total subjects. By reviewing the data in the BIS, the average number of days patients were in bed before meeting the conditions for discharge was found to be 2.6 days with a median of 2 days. We have followed the downward trend of the number of lying-in days from the initial 3 to 2 lying-in days going back 3 years.
Conclusion: The research provides insight into the factors that influence the indication, operation, duration of hospitalization, and recovery during and after tonsillectomy. The data obtained from the research showed a reduced number of days in bed, a small number of complications and an operated population of predominantly pediatric age. Future efforts should be aimed at further improving surgical techniques and reducing the possibility and number of complications. |
