Affective temperament is a form of emotional perception and behavior that is potentially genetically determined. TEMPS-A questionnaire (The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San-Diego Auto-questionnaire) by Hagop Akiskal measures five types of affective temperament: depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, anxious and hyperthymic temperament. Since there is a continuum that goes from the premorbid temperament to the severe pathology of the affective conditions, this study deals with the prevalence of each of the temperament types measured by a TEMPS-A questionnaire in clinical sample. The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of each type of temperament in schizophrenic patients, to examine the differences between sex, age and education in some types of temperament, and since this is the first use of a shortened version of the TEMPS-A questionnaire in Croatian language, whether the factor structure matches the theoretical background, and whether types of temperament correlate. The study involved 96 participants who are diagnosed with schizophrenia at the Department of Intensive Psychiatric Treatment of the Clinical Hospital Center "Sestre milosrdnice" in Zagreb. There were 51 men and 45 women, ages ranging from 18 to 79. The results showed that most frequent type of temperament were depressive, irritable and anxious, while 60.5% of participants had more than one dominant temperament. Differences between sex, age and educational status were not found in depressive, irritable and anxious temperament. Study showed a mild to moderate correlation between the temperament types. In order to generalize the results, the research should be repeated on a larger sample. The implications of this study are major, the most important is the improvement of the treatment process for people with schizophrenia and the recognition of their individual needs.