Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is increasingly occurring in children and young adults. The basics of treatments are medication, physical activity, self-control, education and proper nutrition. Following the instructions on proper nutrition ensures nutritional needs for normal growth and development, proper disease control and a positive disease outcome. Objectives: To determine the proportion of children with type 1 diabetes which follow the instructions on proper nutrition. The specific objectives of the study were to examine whether there is a difference in following instructions on proper nutrition depending on age, gender, place of residence, parents level of education, marital status of parents and socioeconomic status of the family. Methods: The study was conducted among 100 children with type 1 diabetes under the age of 18 and their parents, at the Clinic for Pediatrics, KBC Sestre milosrdnice. Data was collected by an anonymous questionnaire. The implementation of the research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital, and the obtained data was statistically processed. Results: The data analysis showed the relationship between the child's age, gender, place of residence, marital status and socio-economic status of the family with the decision to follow the instructions on proper nutrition. The differences are not statistically significant but on the other hand the answers to specific questions show that there are differences in important eating habits that are not in line with the recommendations. Conclusion: The results of this research enabled the assessment of the knowledge and the eating habits of the respondents, which enables a better detection of difficulties in following the instructions on proper nutrition. With the help of the obtained results, nurses can establish a cooperation in the treatment of patients and improve the education of parents and children.