While there is theoretical consensus that the absence of role ambiguity influences sports teams' overall efficiency, the relationship between role ambiguity and other relevant athletes' or sports teams' characteristics is less clear. Therefore, this research examined the role of group cohesion, leadership, as well as the role of gender, team status and membership in explaining the role ambiguity in handball. A total of 155 professional and amateur handball players (Nmale = 56, Nfemale = 99) participated in the study. Participants indicated team membership, team status and completed Leadership Scale for Sports, Group Environment Questionnaire and Role Ambiguity Scale in the offensive and defensive context. The results showed role ambiguity as independent of the gender, duration of the team membership and team status. Attraction to the groups' tasks positively predicted all role ambiguity factors in an offensive context and role behaviour in a defensive context, while group tasks integration positively predicted role consequences in an offensive context. Training and instructions as a dimension of leadership styles also positively predicted role ambiguity factors in both offensive and defensive contexts while autocratic behaviour negatively predicted role evaluation. These findings highlighted the potential benefit from an efficient focus on tasks for individual athletes' and team's tasks performance.