Background: Chronic kidney disease is an important factor contributing to morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases, requires active treatment, and is defined as a progressive condition characterized by structural and functional changes in the kidneys due to various causes. When the kidneys are in a state of failure, it is necessary to apply hemodialysis, a technique used to achieve the out-of-body removal of waste products such as urea and creatinine and excess water from the blood. Patients with chronic kidney disease are at significant risk of malnutrition, characterized by loss of protein energy and micronutrient deficiencies. Aim: Assess and indicate the importance of nutritional support for chronic kidney disease and assess the extent of protein-energy malnutrition with regard to demographic indicators, current eating habits, intake of additional nutrients, appetite, physical activity, disease duration. Hypotheses: H1 - Chronic renal patients who do not follow dietary measures due to renal dysfunction are more likely to develop electrolyte imbalance (reduced food intake) than patients who strictly follow dietary guidelines. H2 - The surveyed chronic kidney patients did not differ statistically significantly in their performance in improving their nutritional status (between the two surveys) with regard to gender, age, education and employment status. Methods: The research was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of 6 general data on subjects and 16 questions on hemodialysis, in September and November 2021 at the Clinical Hospital "Sveti duh" in Zagreb. Descriptive methods and inferential methods were used to analyze the results. Results: The sample consisted of 45 men (47%) and 50 women (53%). They were mostly over 60 years of age (73% of them), with an average age of approximately 61 years. In most patients, the hemodiolysis procedure is performed 3 times a week. Most patients regularly engage in physical activity in both trials. Men are less successful than women in improving nutritional status (44.73 <50.94). Patients of different age groups had different success rates in improving nutritional status. Patients of the first age group (up to 50 years of age) had the greatest success. Patients of the last group (10-20 years of hemodialysis) had the lowest success in improving nutritional status, while patients of the first group (up to 2 years of hemodialysis) had the greatest success. Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is a global public health problem, which is divided into five stages, and in the final stage requires treatment with renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis patients are a unique population in the context of adherence to treatment due to the very complex treatment required to maintain an optimal quality of life.