| Sažetak | Uvod: Hemofilija je rijedak poremećaj zgrušavanja krvi koji uzrokuje pojačano krvarenje. Osobe oboljele od hemoflije ne zahtijevaju posebnu prehranu, ali je za njih važno pridržavanje osnovnih načela zdrave prehrane u svrhu održavanja normalne tjelesne težine. Povećana tjelesna težina može uzrokovati naprezanje mišića i krvarenje u zglobove. Konzumiranjem zdrave prehrane može se pomoći u održavanju normalne tjelesne težine i smanjenju rizika od kroničnih bolesti.
Cilj istraživanja: Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi postoji li ili ne postoji posebnost prehrambenih navika oboljelih od hemofilije u odnosu na zdravu populaciju.
Metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 osoba oboljelih od hemofilije te 98 osoba zdrave populacije s područja Hrvatske. Za potrebe istraživanja korištena je online anketa koja je sadržavala sociodemografska pitanja te specifična pitanja o količini uzimanja raznih namirnica, pića , unosu vitamina i minerala kroz pravilnu prehranu konzumacijom voća i povrća te uzimanja suplemenata. Za potrebe istraživanja je zbog dobivenog nekoherentnog uzorka bilo potrebno izdvojiti osobe u dobi od 40 – 50 te od 50 – 65 godina starosti kako bi se proučili rezultati, budući da su osobe oboljele od hemofilije bili te životne dobi.
Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između ispitanika vezana za konzumaciju voća, povrća te uzimanja dodatka prehrani u obliku suplemenata vitamina i minerala. Statistički značajna razlika dobivena je prilikom analize konzumacije alkoholnih pića i nekih vrsta namirnica. Zdravi ispitanici konzumiraju više žestoka alkoholna pića i vino. Ispitanici oboljeli od hemofilije konzumiraju više pahuljica čokoladne varijante, mliječne deserte te pommes frites kao jedan od oblika pržene hrane.
Zaključak: Iako su postavljene hipoteze u ovom istraživanju odbačene rezultati istraživanja su utvrdili određenu razliku prehrambenih navika između osoba oboljelih od hemofilije i zdrave populacije. Dobivenim rezultatima nije potvrđena značajna razlika u konzumaciji voća, povrća te dodataka prehrani u obliku suplemenata vitamina i minerala ali postoji značajna razlika u konzumaciji određenih namirnica i alkoholnih pića. Zdravi ispitanici su skloniji češćoj konzumaciji vina i žestokih alkoholnih pića, dok osobe oboljele od hemofilije konzumiraju više čokoladne pahuljice, mliječne deserte i pommes frites kao nezdraviju varijantu prehrane. Razlike u prehrani mogu biti rezultat pridržavanja medicinskih preporuka i životne dobi osoba oboljelih od hemofilije. Životna dob zdravih ispitanika može ukazivati samo po sebi na drugačije prehrambene navike. Radom se naglašava važnost prilagodbe prehrambenih navika osoba oboljelih od hemofilije u svrhu poboljšanja njihove kvalitete života i sprječavanju razvoja kroničnih bolesti. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Introduction: Haemophilia is a rare blood clotting disorder that leads to excessive bleeding. People with haemophilia do not require a special diet, but adhering to basic principles of healthy eating is important for them. Nutritional status in individuals with haemophilia is crucial for maintaining their health and avoiding excess body weight, which can strain muscles and cause bleeding in sensitive joints. A healthy diet can strengthen bones and joints, help maintain an ideal body weight, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases in people with haemophilia.
Objective of the Study: The study aims to determine the possible existence of particularities in the specific dietary habits of patients with haemophilia compared to the healthy population, based on the collected sample of research participants.
Methods: The study included 30 individuals with haemophilia and 98 healthy individuals from Croatia. An online survey was used, initially containing sociodemographic questions followed by 16 questions regarding consuming various foods, beverages, and vitamins and minerals. Furthermore, due to the obtained incoherent sample, it was necessary to single out participants aged 40-50 and 50-65, since participants suffering from haemophilia were found in those age groups.
Results: The participants suffering from haemophilia who took part in the research belong to the 40 – 50 and 50 – 65 age groups. Furthermore, the research showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the participants regarding the consumption of fruits and vegetables and the intake of dietary supplements in the form of vitamin and mineral supplements. Also, a statistically significant difference was found in the consumption of alcoholic beverages and some types of food. Namely, respondents who do not suffer from haemophilia tend to consume more strong alcoholic beverages and alcoholic beverages such as wine, in contrast to respondents suffering from haemophilia. On the other hand, subjects with haemophilia consume more cereal products (even though they consume chocolate varieties), pommes frites and milk desserts compared to subjects who do not suffer from haemophilia. Also, a statistically significant difference was observed in respondents who did not suffer from haemophilia compared to those suffering from haemophilia when it comes to the consumption of fried food in the form of pommes frites.
Conclusion: Although the three hypotheses proposed in this study were rejected, the research still revealed significant differences in dietary habits between haemophiliacs and the healthy population. No significant difference was found in consuming fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and minerals, but there were notable differences in consuming certain foods and alcoholic beverages. Healthy individuals more often eat burgers, peanuts, nuts, sour cream sauces, and Greek yoghurt, and drink wine, beer, and spirits, while haemophiliacs prefer bacon, white bread, and pastries. Additionally, the healthy population frequently consumes fried food from restaurants or orders fried food. These results show that haemophiliacs, although often older and obese, have specific dietary habits that differ from healthy individuals. The dietary differences may be due to their need to avoid additional health issues and follow medical recommendations. The paper highlights the importance of adapting dietary strategies for haemophiliacs to improve their overall health and quality of life. |
