Introduction: Vaccination is an important aspect of public health, which has contributed to the control or complete disappearance of certain infectious diseases. However, since the late 20th century, vaccines and vaccination have been associated with a number of controversies. Most of the controversy surrounding vaccination is related to a paper published in The Lancet, where Dr. Wakefield and co-workers reported an association between measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine with the onset of autism and inflammatory bowel disease. However, although it was later proven that the data were falsified, a public and cultural phenomenon occurred, which contributed to the reduction of vaccine use. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in attitudes about vaccination between health professionals and the general population in the Republic of Croatia. Also, in this research we want to see how the abolition of compulsory vaccination would affect the protection of the population. Methods: For the purposes of this research, an internet questionnaire was used, which was answered via social networks. The survey contained 20 questions, and the results were analyzed by the statistical computer program GraphPad Prism. Results: Healthcare professionals have more confidence in the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations and show greater knowledge about vaccines compared to the general population. Also, the general population is more likely to believe that the onset of autism is associated with vaccination and that vaccination causes a weakening of the immune system. These differences in opinion on vaccination were not related to socio-demographic factors or level of education. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed that the abolition of legally mandatory vaccination would have negative effects on the protection of the population. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals have a positive opinion about vaccination from the rest of the population. Better parental education about vaccination could contribute to greater vaccination coverage of the general population.