Online communication involves the exchange of messages between two or more people over the Internet. Previous research on online communication focuses on its role and association with various factors, including loneliness and social anxiety. In doing so, we can look at loneliness as a one-dimensional or multidimensional construct, and in this research we focus on the types of loneliness, that are social and emotional loneliness. Given that the findings obtained so far related to this area are inconsistent, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the frequency of online communication, social and emotional loneliness, and social anxiety. A one-off correlation study involved 197 participants ranging in age from 18 to 30 years. The results indicated a significant negative association between the frequency of online communication and social loneliness and loneliness in love, while no association with other variables was found. Considering the gender of participants, a significant negative association was found between the frequency of online communication and social loneliness, loneliness in love and loneliness in the family in men, while in women a positive statistically significant association was found between the frequency of online communication and loneliness in the family. Finally, social loneliness proved to be a negative predictor of the frequency of online communication among women, while loneliness in the family was a positive predictor. Loneliness in love proved to be the only significant, and at the same time negative, predictor of the frequency of men's online communication.