Introduction: Codeine is a natural antagonist from the opioid group. Like all opioids, it can be addictive. In the Republic of Croatia, products that contain codeine can be purchased as over-the-counter medicines. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes and experiences of pharmacists in Croatia on over-the-counter medicines containing codeine. Methods: A cross-sectionalstudy was conducted through an electronic survey between October 18, 2021, and December 23, 2021. The respondents who participated in the research were pharmacists, members of the Croatian Medical Chamber (HLJK), who are employed in pharmacies in Croatia. Results: There were 577 participants who took part in the study. The majority (92%) are seeing patients who regularly purchase high quantities of over-the-counter products containing codeine, and for whom pharmacists suspect they could be addicted to this medicine. According to the results obtained, most participants occasionally talk to patients about possible codeine abuse. Two-thirds of participants do not report adverse events that occur when taking codeine over-the-counter. More than half of the participants believe that over-the-counter codeine should be transferred to over-the-counter sales prescribed by a general practitioner. Conclusion: The majority of pharmacists see patients in their pharmacy for whom they suspect they could be addicted to the over-the-counter codeine-containing medicines. Pharmacists consider that codeine preparations should be switched from over-the-counter to the prescription regimens. Pharmacists generally do not report adverse events of over-thecounter opioids. Further research is needed about the magnitude of over-the-counter codeine addiction in Croatia.